As March arrives, beekeepers across the U.S. are gearing up for the start of the active season. While some regions may still experience cold snaps, others will see their bees coming to life with early spring blooms. This month is all about assessing hive health, supporting colony buildup, and preparing for the busy months ahead. Here’s your March beekeeping checklist to ensure a smooth transition into spring.


1. Conduct the First Full Hive Inspection (Weather Permitting)

With temperatures consistently above 60°F (15°C), it’s time to open the hive for a full inspection.

  • What to check: Look for a healthy queen, brood pattern, population size, honey stores, and signs of disease or pests.

  • What to do: If the queen is missing or the brood pattern is weak, consider requeening.

Regional Tip: In northern states, be patient and wait for warmer days before opening hives. In southern states, inspections can begin earlier.


2. Assess Honey Stores and Feed if Necessary

March is a transition month, and food stores may be critically low as winter reserves dwindle.

  • What to check: Ensure the hive has at least 5-10 lbs of honey.

  • What to do: If stores are low, feed with 1:1 sugar syrup to stimulate brood production.

Regional Tip: In colder areas, continue using sugar patties or fondant if temperatures remain low.


3. Check for Signs of Disease and Pests

Spring can bring health challenges, so early detection is key.

  • What to check: Look for symptoms of Varroa mites, Nosema, and foulbrood.

  • What to do: Perform a sugar roll or alcohol wash for Varroa mites and treat accordingly.

Regional Tip: In warmer climates, small hive beetles may become active sooner—monitor and use traps if needed.


4. Clean and Repair Hive Equipment

Winter may have caused wear and tear on your equipment.

  • What to check: Inspect boxes, frames, and bottom boards for damage.

  • What to do: Repair or replace broken components and clean out any debris or dead bees.

Regional Tip: In humid regions, be mindful of mold buildup and clean equipment thoroughly.


5. Add Space if Needed to Prevent Swarming

Bees may start expanding their colony, leading to overcrowding.

  • What to check: Evaluate the number of bees and available space.

  • What to do: Add a new brood box or super if the colony is growing rapidly.

Regional Tip: In southern states, swarm season may begin early, so watch for queen cells and prepare to split hives.


6. Observe Flight Activity and Foraging Behavior

March marks the beginning of nectar flow in many regions.

  • What to check: Look for bees bringing in pollen, which indicates brood rearing.

  • What to do: Provide pollen substitutes if natural sources are scarce.

Regional Tip: In northern states, bees may still rely on stored resources, while in southern states, early nectar sources like dandelions and fruit blossoms are available.


7. Plan for Swarm Management and Hive Expansion

A healthy colony will grow quickly in the coming weeks.

  • What to check: Assess colonies for swarm tendencies (queen cells, congestion).

  • What to do: Consider making splits to control swarming and create new colonies.

Regional Tip: In warmer climates, swarm traps should be set up early to catch wild swarms.


8. Order and Prepare Additional Beekeeping Supplies

Spring means rapid expansion—ensure you’re stocked up.

  • What to check: Confirm you have enough frames, foundation, and extra hive components.

  • What to do: Order and assemble additional hive bodies or supers before they’re needed.

Regional Tip: In northern states, ordering now prevents supply shortages when the season picks up.


9. Continue Learning and Networking

Spring is a great time to connect with other beekeepers and expand your knowledge.

  • What to check: Look for online or local beekeeping meetings and classes.

  • What to do: Join a beekeeping group or attend workshops to improve your skills.

Regional Tip: In warmer regions, local beekeeping groups may already be hosting hive demos and field days.


Stay Ahead and Ensure a Strong Spring Start

March is a pivotal month for beekeeping, setting the tone for a productive season. By monitoring food stores, keeping an eye on hive health, and making timely management decisions, you’ll help your bees thrive as temperatures warm and nectar flow begins.

🐝 Happy beekeeping, and here’s to a buzzing spring season!